Melika is one of the historic fortified settlements of Algeria’s remarkable M’Zab Valley, close to Ghardaïa on the northern edge of the Sahara. Known as “The Queen”, Melika is one of the distinctive ksour that form the centuries-old cultural landscape of the M’Zab, today recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Founded in the 12th century, Melika shares the characteristic architecture of the M’Zab Valley, with tightly grouped traditional houses rising towards the mosque at the heart of the settlement. Its narrow streets, simple forms and distinctive Saharan architecture reflect a way of life carefully adapted to the climate and traditions of the region.
Melika was once regarded as the holy city of the M’Zab. Among its most important historic features are the tombs associated with the revered Sidi Aïssa and his family. Their distinctive whitewashed forms, with simple mud-plastered projections reaching towards the sky, are among the settlement’s most memorable sights.
Unlike several of the neighbouring ksour, Melika’s traditional souk stands beside the great mosque in the centre of the settlement. The town was also historically associated with a distinctive form of green pottery, an important local craft that contributed to Melika’s economy and cultural identity.
Melika and the M’Zab Valley
Melika forms part of the extraordinary collection of historic settlements surrounding Ghardaïa. Together they provide a fascinating insight into the architecture, religious traditions and community life of the M’Zab Valley.
Travellers can discover the M’Zab region as part of our Best of Algeria Tour or explore the Sahara and its historic oasis settlements in greater depth on our Coast, Casbah and Sahara Tour.